Master in Mechanics

The course explores fundamentals of kinematics of solid bodies; displacement and strain measures, to statics of solid bodies, stress tensor, equilibrium equations. The course is illustrated through various examples: traction-compression, torsion, bending, pressure vessels, truss. 

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This course provides basics in fluid mechanics. This includes hydrostatic, fluid kinematics and Euler equation for ideal fluid. Bernoulli formula are then derived and examples of application are presented. The case of non-ideal fluid and Navier-Stokes formula are afterwards established. The NS equation is solved for classical simple cases (e.g. Couette flow). Turbulence is shortly introduced during a 3h practical course held at the Coriolys experiment.

This course comprises 21h of CM/TD, and a 3h practical course.

The final exam is a 2h examination. The "controle continu" is a written homework.

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The aim of this first part is to learn the principles of measurements of static and dynamic response of solid material and structures, and carry out the analysis of results: (i) Force and displacement measurements (type, performance and uses to perform standard experiments), (ii) full field measurement of displacement using 2D and 3D images (images acquisition, treatment and digital images correlation). All these techniques and methods are illustrated through experimental set ups available in research labs. 

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This first part of the course is dedicated on the theory and implementation of the finite element method for solving boundary value problems in solid mechanics: Overview of the finite element method in solid mechanics, the Finite Element Method for Static Linear Elasticity, The finite element method for time dependent and dynamic problems.

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This course gives a general overview of some of the most common techniques used in image and signal processing, with a special focus in Fluid Mechanics. It starts with a review of the basic concepts of both signals and image processing (systems, block diagrams, Fourier series, 1 and 2D Fourier Transforms, basic image manipulation, filters…). In a second stage, the course focalises in more complex statistical techniques like, for the case of signals, spectral analysis, correlation and structure functions. For the case of images, it covers the reconstruction of particle trajectories and the basics of PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) analysis.  

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The modelling of mechanical properties of materials and structures is a complex subject. In some applications, it is sufficient to assume that the material remains elastic. However, such a simplified assumption is appropriate only within a limited range, and in general must be replaced by a more realistic approach that considers the inelastic processes such as plastic yielding. The course aims to provide the students with the basic concepts of plastic analysis of structures: limit analysis, multiaxial stress-strain relations, limit state theorems, concept of plastic hinges and yield line of plates, calculation of collapse load and displacement at incipient collapse, application to engineering materials.

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An overview of discrete element simulations, force transmission in granular packings,  another vision of soil mechanics, microscopic origins of some constitutive laws, role of the geometry,  numerical homogenization,  "Tools" for characterizing the microstructure, complex systems and strong coupling. 

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Fundamental equations, dimensionless numbers. Forced convection in laminar boundary layers. Internal laminar flows. External and internal natural convection. Turbulent convection in internal and external wall flows. Turbulent convection in free shear flows. 

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This course presents basic notions on instabilities and turbulence. We try to be as progressive as possible and to base our presentation on analyses of real experiments and real flows. We review few mathematical methods to analyze nonlinear systems in terms of instabilities. The students have to use their new knowledge to run and analyze numerical simulations of very simple systems. We then study some of the most important physical mechanisms for fluid instabilities and the corresponding criteria. We quickly present a zoology of common fluid instabilities and discuss the mechanisms and the possible technical implications. We give a broad introduction on turbulence and describe few fundamental methods and results, in particular the Richardson cascade, the Reynolds decomposition and the Kolmogorov spectra.

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The course aims to provide the students with the basic concepts of geomechanics, that is the theoretical and applied science dealing with the mechanical behavior of geomaterials (soil and rock). The first part of the course covers the basic subjects of geomechanics such as stress and strain, permeability and consolidation, compressibility, shear strength, testing techniques, etc. The course then focuses on the mechanical behaviour of geomaterials and provides a basic understanding of the features that are specific to geomaterials (dilatancy, friction, pressure dependence) and the modelling of such complex phenomena. In particular, an introduction is given to the ideas and concepts of elastoplasticity, this subject being of critical importance to geomechanics and geotechnical engineering. 

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This course aims at introducing the basic knowledge on the dynamics of geophysical fluids, which are fluids influenced by the rotation of the Earth and by the fact that their density varies along the vertical. Examples are the ocean and the atmosphere. The main balances to which these fluids obey wil be presented along with several classical models, such as the shallow-water-model. Applications to the ocean and the atmosphere will be illustrated by observations, laboratory experiments and numerical modellling. 

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The course aims to provide the students with the basic concepts of mechanics of materials: classification of the different mechanical behaviours, elasticity and criteria formulations, plasticity, visco-plasticity.

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Multiphysics models deal with multiple simultaneous physical phenomena, which include, but are not limited to, coupling between solid and fluid mechanics, heat and mass transfer. Knowledge obtained through these models can be applied in many industrial fields and help us in the decision making process.

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Environmental flows lecture aims at introducing geophysical fluid dynamic and showing how mechanistic approaches are commonly applied to describe the flows. The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is presented as an example, It is associated with its boundary conditions, namely the energy budget at the surface and the geostrophic circulation at the top.

1. Introduction and surface boundary conditions for ABL
2. Mathematical decription of ABL
3. Introduction to turbulence
4. Similarity theory
5. Measurements in ABL

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This course aims at providing the basic knowledge on waves propagation in fluid and in solid medium. Governing equations for various situations will be considered and solutions will be derived. The analysis will cover the field of vibrations in solid media (1D string vibration, 2D plate vibrations,...), acoustic waves in air, gravity and inertia waves in the atmosphere and the ocean.   Dispersion and attenuation processes will be considered as well and will be related to physical aspects (wave in a duct, thermodynamic properties of the medium, compressibility effects, etc...)

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The aim of the course is to give the students an opportunity to perform a research project in a lab within the field of solid or/and fluid mechanics solid under supervision according to an individual study plan, to summarize the results in a research report and present the results of the project. 

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The aim of this second part is to learn the principles of measurements in fluid mechanics, and carry out the analysis of results: Flow Measurements Techniques – Integral flow properties (rotameter…) and local flow properties (Hot Wire Anemometer, Laser Doppler Anemometer, Particle Image Velocimetry, Ultrasonic Technique, Magnetic Technique… ). All these techniques and methods are illustrated through experimental set ups available in research labs. 

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This second part of the course introduces students to finite difference methods as a means of solving different type of differential equations that arise in fluid dynamics.
Fundamentals of numerical analysis, ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations related to fluid mechanics and heat transfer will be reviewed.
Error control and stability considerations are discussed and demonstrated.
A simple code using the finite difference method will be developed, tested and used on a one-dimensional partial differential equations.

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The modelling of mechanical properties of materials and structures is a complex subject. In some applications, it is sufficient to assume that the material remains elastic. However, such a simplified assumption is appropriate only within a limited range, and in general must be replaced by a more realistic approach that considers the inelastic processes such as plastic yielding. The course aims to provide the students with the basic concepts of plastic analysis of structures: limit analysis, multiaxial stress-strain relations, limit state theorems, concept of plastic hinges and yield line of plates, calculation of collapse load and displacement at incipient collapse, application to engineering materials.

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An overview of discrete element simulations, force transmission in granular packings,  another vision of soil mechanics, microscopic origins of some constitutive laws, role of the geometry,  numerical homogenization,  "Tools" for characterizing the microstructure, complex systems and strong coupling. 

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Fundamental equations, dimensionless numbers. Forced convection in laminar boundary layers. Internal laminar flows. External and internal natural convection. Turbulent convection in internal and external wall flows. Turbulent convection in free shear flows. 

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This course presents basic notions on instabilities and turbulence. We try to be as progressive as possible and to base our presentation on analyses of real experiments and real flows. We review few mathematical methods to analyze nonlinear systems in terms of instabilities. The students have to use their new knowledge to run and analyze numerical simulations of very simple systems. We then study some of the most important physical mechanisms for fluid instabilities and the corresponding criteria. We quickly present a zoology of common fluid instabilities and discuss the mechanisms and the possible technical implications. We give a broad introduction on turbulence and describe few fundamental methods and results, in particular the Richardson cascade, the Reynolds decomposition and the Kolmogorov spectra.

Visit the full page about this course

The course aims to provide the students with the basic concepts of geomechanics, that is the theoretical and applied science dealing with the mechanical behavior of geomaterials (soil and rock). The first part of the course covers the basic subjects of geomechanics such as stress and strain, permeability and consolidation, compressibility, shear strength, testing techniques, etc. The course then focuses on the mechanical behaviour of geomaterials and provides a basic understanding of the features that are specific to geomaterials (dilatancy, friction, pressure dependence) and the modelling of such complex phenomena. In particular, an introduction is given to the ideas and concepts of elastoplasticity, this subject being of critical importance to geomechanics and geotechnical engineering. 

Visit the full page about this course

This course aims at introducing the basic knowledge on the dynamics of geophysical fluids, which are fluids influenced by the rotation of the Earth and by the fact that their density varies along the vertical. Examples are the ocean and the atmosphere. The main balances to which these fluids obey wil be presented along with several classical models, such as the shallow-water-model. Applications to the ocean and the atmosphere will be illustrated by observations, laboratory experiments and numerical modellling. 

Visit the full page about this course

Multiphysics models deal with multiple simultaneous physical phenomena, which include, but are not limited to, coupling between solid and fluid mechanics, heat and mass transfer. Knowledge obtained through these models can be applied in many industrial fields and help us in the decision making process.

Visit the full page about this course

The course aims to provide the students with the basic concepts of mechanics of materials: classification of the different mechanical behaviours, elasticity and criteria formulations, plasticity, visco-plasticity.

Visit the full page about this course

Environmental flows lecture aims at introducing geophysical fluid dynamic and showing how mechanistic approaches are commonly applied to describe the flows. The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is presented as an example, It is associated with its boundary conditions, namely the energy budget at the surface and the geostrophic circulation at the top.

1. Introduction and surface boundary conditions for ABL
2. Mathematical decription of ABL
3. Introduction to turbulence
4. Similarity theory
5. Measurements in ABL

Visit the full page about this course

This course aims at providing the basic knowledge on waves propagation in fluid and in solid medium. Governing equations for various situations will be considered and solutions will be derived. The analysis will cover the field of vibrations in solid media (1D string vibration, 2D plate vibrations,...), acoustic waves in air, gravity and inertia waves in the atmosphere and the ocean.   Dispersion and attenuation processes will be considered as well and will be related to physical aspects (wave in a duct, thermodynamic properties of the medium, compressibility effects, etc...)

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The aim of the course is to give the students an opportunity to perform a research project in a lab within the field of solid or/and fluid mechanics solid under supervision according to an individual study plan, to summarize the results in a research report and present the results of the project.

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The aim of the course is to give the students an opportunity to perform a research project in a lab within the field of solid or/and fluid mechanics solid under supervision according to an individual study plan, to summarize the results in a research report and present the results of the project. 

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Fundamentals of fluid mechanics, vector analysis and tensor analysis. General questions on turbulence, multi-scale statistical description. Models of turbulent transport and turbulent mixing. Influence of rotation and density stratification effects. Numerical modeling of turbulence: first and second-order closure models, Reynolds averaged equations.

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The objective of this module is to acquire the principles of the basic methods of scientific computing and their implementation in computer codes. The methods are presented in a simplified way, insisting on the ideas behind them, then they are implemented in computer programs (in Python or Matlab) on simple examples related to geosciences.

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Choice of an ETC (cross-cutting optional module) if English level >= B2 

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Description of the main tools for data analysis : Correlation, image processing, signal transformation, correlation function, filtering. Programming with Matlab using examples from turbulent flows.

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Physics of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer: role in the climate system, vertical structure and simple models. Microphysics of cloud formation and of aerosols. Impact of aerosols on air quality and climate.

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The atmospheric boundary layer in complex terrain, for stable (wintertime) and unstable (summertime) conditions. Application to air quality from an operational view point.

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Why study exchanges across air-water interface. Common models of the scalar fluxes involved. The role of sea surface satellite measurements. Dissolved gas transfer across air / water interface.

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This course aims at understanding marine and wind energy systems, from design to the computation of performance. It will also involve a review of marine energies. Three tutorials /labs will complement the course.

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After a short introduction to the observations of the worlds oceans in the past and present, the forces acting on the ocean are discussed. We will then see how the forcing put the water masses of the ocean into motion. An important question is: how can the forcing, which acts on the surface of the ocean influence the motion in the deep ocean? This leads to a discussion of the two principal types of basin scale ocean circulation: the gyre and the overturning circulation. We then discuss small scale processes of the ocean dynamics including their importance on the large scale ocean circulation.

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Introduction to surface and internal gravity waves in fluids. Nonlinear and dissipative effects and associated wave impact on the medium. Wave-current interaction. Examples in natural media (such as coastal waters).

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This course aims at understanding marine and wind energy systems, from design to the computation of performance. It will also involve a review of marine energies. Three tutorials /labs will complement the course.

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- Context and objectives of flow measuring science

- Point-wise measuring probes (hot wire, hot film probes, Pitot tubes)

- Acoustical measuring systems (Acoustic Backscattering Systems, Ac. Doppler Profiler, Ac. Concentration and Velocity Profilers)

- Optical measuring systems (LDA, LDV, PIV, PTV, LIF, OBS)

The class ends with a 4h practical work to compare different measurement techniques on a test flow.

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This course provides an overview of the most popular data assimilation methods in geophysics, based on estimation theory and control theory. A 4h practical work on computers comes in support of the lectures.

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The objective of this course is to provide an introduction to statistical analysis and machine learning in order to help the students apply relevant methods to analyze specific datasets.

Different families of unsupervised and supervised methods will be covered, while also providing a general approach to validate and test results. We illustrate this course with examples from environmental sciences. The datasets correspond to concrete cases of analysis presented in the form of ipython notebook.

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Les équations de Navier-Stokes restent à ce jour non résolues, et prédire les propriétés statistiques des écoulements turbulents représente un enjeu majeur pour de nombreuses applications. De nombreuses approches théoriques ont été développées pour d’une part modéliser, et d’autre part calculer le comportement des écoulements turbulents au-delà de la théorie de Kolmogorov de 1941. Ce cours présentera plusieurs de ces approches, depuis le formalisme multi-fractal jusqu’aux méthodes du groupe de renormalisation, en se concentrant sur le cas idéal de la turbulence homogène isotrope.

Enseignement principalement en français

PARTIE A — phénoménologie avancée de la turbulence

Observations expérimentales et numériques de l’intermittence: manifestations de l’intermittence, propriétés universelles, principales déviations par rapport aux prédictions de la théorie de Kolmogorov 1941

Le formalisme multi-fractal: rappel sur les fractales, invariance d'échelle, nécessité de rendre compte du caractère multi-échelle, théorie de Kolmogorov 62, modèles multi-fractaux

PARTIE B — description statistique de la turbulence

Stochasticité spontanée: notion de stochasticité spontanée pour une équation différentielle ordinaire, stochasticité spontanée dans des modèles simplifiés de turbulence, justification d’approches statistiques

Quelques modèles simplifiés de turbulence: Modèle de Lorenz et attracteur étrange, modèles en couches, équation de Burgers

Le groupe de renormalisation: théorie de champs pour Navier-Stokes, symétries, Karman-Howarth à partir des symétries, groupe de renormalisation de Wilson.

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Équations de conservation locales instantanées aux interfaces et sur une ligne triple. Lois de comportement et lois d’état aux interfaces: concepts généraux sur les interfaces contaminées (surfactants et tension superficielle, isotherme d’adsorption, cinétique d’adsorption, transport moléculaire interfacial) et notions de rhéologie de surface. Mesure de la tension superficielle. Mesure des viscosités de surface par atténuation d’ondes capillaires. Caractérisation de la cinétique d’adsorption-désorption à partir de l’expérience de Savart. Vitesse terminale des inclusions en milieu infini stagnant. Équation BBOT. Particules en turbulence et atomisation.

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Cette UE propose une introduction à la turbulence des couches fluides des intérieurs planétaires (noyaux métalliques et génération de champ magnétique par la turbulence -- effet dynamo --, planètes gazeuses, dynamique des océans de sub-surface dans les satellites de glace).

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compréhension orale et écrite, bilinguisme, interculturalisme, travail bibliographique.

Enseignement en français et en anglais

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3 TP de turbulence au choix par groupe de 3 en application des modules Turbulence et processus: chacun 3h de TP suivi de 3h de traitement de données. 1 TP démonstration dans le cadre d'une expérience dédiée à la recherche.

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Navier Stokes – HPC

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Ce cours est basé sur le plan suivant :

Seance 1: De la description cinétique a une description fluide des plasmas
- rappels paramètres plasma
- Equation de Klimontovitch, Vlasov, moments et relations de fermeture
- equations de la MHD a 2 fluides, puis a 1 fluide
- equations MHD avec rayonnement

Seance 2: Effets Magneto-HydroDynamique
- champs potentiel, force-free: théorèmes et applications
- reconnexion magnétique (modèle Sweet-Parker, Drake)
- Ondes en milieux homogènes, Onde d’Alfven non lineaire
- Exemples d’ondes en milieu non homogènes

Seance 3: Instabilites
- théorie spectrale
- revue de qq instabilités (Parker, kink, sausage, interchange), calcul instabilité magneto-rotationnelle (MRI)
- turbulence

Seance 4: Chocs MHD
- formation des chocs, conditions de Rankine-Hugoniot
- structure temporelle: vents stellaires, fronts de supernova
- précurseurs: radiatifs, magnétique (chocs C et J)

Seance 5: Accretion
- accretion sphérique de Bondi-Hoyle
- accretion axisymetrique: disques alpha (SAD et ADAF), bilans, spectre, courbe en S, instabilités visqueuse et thermique

Seance 6: Accretion-Ejection
- accretion sur un dipole: interaction etoile-disque, disc-locking et spin-up des pulsars
- théorie des Jets MHD stationnaires: invariants MHD, bilans, equilibre transverse (Grad-Shafranov)

Seance 7: Lancement des jets astrophysiques
- vents stellaires: Accretion Powered Stellar Winds
- disques d’accretion et objet central (JED, X-wind, Magnetospheric Ejection)

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Ce module s’intéresse aux propriétés de la turbulence dans la couche limite atmosphérique (CLA). On décrit d’abord les contraintes typiques de la CLA en terme de stratification thermique et d’effets de flottabilité ainsi que le cycle de rayonnement diurne à la surface terrestre. Les effets de ces forages radiatifs et thermodynamiques sont analysés sur l’ensemble des propriétés turbulentes classiques (bilan d’énergie cinétique turbulente, spectres d’énergie, loi logarithmique pour la vitesse la température et l’humidité spécifique….)

Dans un deuxième temps on s’intéresse à des cas particuliers d’interaction de la turbulence avec la couche limite depuis la surface très proche jusqu’à la Ionosphère à travers uns série de séminaires donnés par des intervenants chercheurs à l’UGA.

Plan:

Partie 1 : Turbulence en couche limite atmosphérique

1. Turbulence

• bilan d'énergie cinétique turbulente TKE et d'énergie potentielle turbulente TPE
• bilan de flux de quantité de mouvement et de flux de chaleur sensible
• anisotropie de la turbulence
• spectres d'énergie

2. Couche Limite Atmospherique neutre, stable et instable

• stratification thermique
• équilibre flottabilité et cisaillement mécaniqueéchelle de longueur d'Obukhov
• correction de la loi logarithmique de vitesse et de température

Partie 2 : Séminaires sur la Turbulence dans l'atmosphère

• la Turbulence dans l’ionosphère et dans le couplage Ionosphère-magnétosphère
• la turbulence dans la couche limite atmosphérique au-dessus des glaciers
• la turbulence dans les vents catabatiques sur les pentes alpines
• impact de la turbulence atmosphérique sur les observations astronomiques et optique adaptative 
• la turbulence et la scintillométrie : impacts sur la propagation d'onde electromagnétique 
• turbulent transport in the turbulent atmopheric boundary layer
• la turbulence dans la troposphère

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A new course that will follow the one in the 2nd semester of the first year, but that can also be chosen by students with previous experience in the field. A detailed description will be posted later, in the meantime look at the corresponding UE of the first year.

This course introduces the main deep learning methods relevant for Earth Science applications, where the processing of time series and images (sometimes noisy, incomplete) and forecasting are routine problems. This includes for example Convolutional Neural Networks, Recurrent Neural Networks, and Generative Networks.

Pre-requisites: Ideally: Introduction to Machine Learning in Earth Sciences, course from the first year of STPE Master. If not: good knowledge in Python, basic notions in differential calculation and linear algebra.

Languages: English, French

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Les écoulements dans l’atmosphère, dans les océans, dans les atmosphères des planètes géantes, dans le noyau liquide de la Terre, et même dans les étoiles, présentent deux ingrédients communs essentiels pour leur dynamique: (1) la rotation globale à laquelle ils sont soumis, qui se traduit par la force de Coriolis; et (2) la stratification du fluide en couches de densité variable, soumis à un champ de gravité. Ces deux caractéristiques changent radicalement la dynamique des fluides, donnant naissance à de nouveaux équilibres et à de nouvelles ondes ou instabilités.

L’objectif de cette UE est de définir les concepts clés, de donner les outils nécessaires à l’étude de ces systèmes, et de donner un sens physique à ces écoulements qui défient souvent l’intuition forgée par la vie quotidienne.

Après une introduction à la dynamique des fluides, une première partie se focalise sur l’effet de la rotation, de manière générale puis dans le cas particulier d’écoulements en couches minces, pertinente pour la modélisation des écoulements océaniques et atmosphériques. Une part importante de ces enseignements est dédiée à l’étude d’ondes rencontrées dans les écoulements géophysiques (ondes inertielles et de gravité, ondes de Rossby). Une seconde partie se focalise sur l’effet de variations de densité : convection thermique (instabilité de Rayleigh-Bénard), instabilités des écoulements parallèles cisaillés stratifiés, courants de densité visqueux (glaciers, coulées volcaniques) ou turbulents (courants de densité atmosphériques, courants de turbidité, coulées pyroclastiques). Pour chaque phénomène, des exemples spécifiques sont donnés et la théorie est détaillée.

Langue d’enseignement: Français ou anglais

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The flows in the atmosphere, in the oceans, in the atmospheres of the giant planets, in the liquid core of the Earth, and even in stars are specific essentially by two aspects: (1) the global rotation to which they are subjected, which is reflected in the Coriolis force; and (2) the stratification of the fluid into layers of varying density, subject to a gravity field. These two characteristics radically change the behavior of fluids. The objective of this course is to define the key concepts, to give the necessary tools to study these systems, and to give a physical meaning to these flows which often defy intuition.

After an introduction to fluid dynamics, a first part focuses on the effect of rotation, in a general way and then in the particular case of thin layers, relevant for the modeling of oceanic and atmospheric flows. An important part of the course is dedicated to the study of waves encountered in geophysical flows (inertial and gravity waves, Rossby waves). A second part focuses on the effect of density variations: thermal convection, viscous density currents (glaciers, volcanic flows) or turbulent currents (atmospheric density currents, turbidity currents, pyroclastic flows). For each phenomenon, specific examples are given and the theory is detailed.

Teaching language: French or english

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Le contrôle des écoulements relève d’un fort intérêt économique et de performance des systèmes et des procédés concernés. L’optimisation des processus reposant sur des principes de mélange ou de transferts thermiques permet, par exemple, d’améliorer la performance des échangeurs. L’amélioration des transferts thermiques revient alors à réduire la résistance thermique, soit en augmentant la surface effective du transfert, soit en manipulant intrinsèquement l’écoulement. Les échangeurs thermiques sont présents dans beaucoup de secteurs de l’industrie : microélectronique, nucléaire, médical, bâti- ment, automobile, et bien d’autres.

Plan

Partie 1 : Turbulence de paroi :

Equations de Transport des contraintes de Reynolds, turbulence homogène, isotrope, équations exactes dans un écoulement turbulent en canal 2D; équations de Re couche limite turbulente 2D; Fermetures en un point, sous-couche logarithmique, visqueuse et tampon; distributions des contraintes, production dissipation.

Partie 2 : Contrôle des écoulements (trainée) :

Contrôle passif (LEBS's, Riblets, "complied walls"; contrôle actif soufflage instationnaire; contrôle non-linéaire optimal et suboptimal; contrôle dual; contrôle de la séparation

Partie 3 : Turbulence Instationnaire forcée :

Réponse de la turbulence pariétale à des excitations forcées périodiques de vitesse; effet sur l'écoulement moyen, modulations des quantités fluctuantes; réponse des structures cohérentes et des stries; réponse de la turbulence pariétale à une accélération de la vitesse débitante

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In this course, we will introduce parallel programming paradigms to the students in the context of applied mathematics. The students will learn to identify the parallel pattern in numerical algorithm. The key components that the course will focus on are : efficiency, scalability, parallel pattern, comparison of parallel algorithms, operational intensity and emerging programming paradigm. Trough different lab assignments, the students will apply the concepts of efficient parallel programming using Graphic Processing Unit. In the final project, the students will have the possibility to parallelize one of their own numerical application developed in a previous course.

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Le cours introduit des bases théoriques et méthodologiques pour la résolution de problèmes d’assimilation de données (inversion de données distribuées dans le temps) en sciences de la Terre. Les méthodes principalement abordées sont le filtre de Kalman (canonique et d'ensemble), le filtre particulaire, et le 4DVar. Il est produit sous forme de cours magistraux interactifs incluant la présentation et la manipulation d’exercices sous forme numérique en python. En fin de cours, les étudiant·es sont en capacité de :

• poser un problème d'assimilation de données simple et mettre en oeuvre une méthode de résolution ;

• communiquer avec des experts d'assimilation pour progresser vers la résolution de problèmes complexes.

Langue : français ou anglais 

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The course introduces theoretical and methodological foundations for solving data assimilation problems (inversion of time-distributed data) in the Earth sciences. The main methods covered are the Kalman filter (canonical and ensemble), the particle filter, and the 4DVar. It is produced in the form of interactive lectures including the presentation and manipulation of exercises in numerical form in Python. At the end of the course, students will be able to :

• pose a simple data assimilation problem and implement a solution method

• communicate with data assimilation experts to progress towards solving complex problems.

Language: French or English

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Descriptif de cette UE en suivant  ce lien

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Maîtrise des différents modes de transferts de chaleur.

Conduction en régime permanent et instationnaire(1D, 2D et 3D).

Convection thermique en fluide monophasique.

Rayonnement et transferts couplés entre surfaces en milieu transparent, semi-transparent.

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