Introduction to linguistics lecture

General content

Introduction to the areas of phonetics/phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics (internal language) and a brief overview of “external” language (linguistic anthropology, sociolinguistics)

Knowledge

Difference between grammar, linguistics and language sciences

Prescriptive vs. descriptive approach, standard vs. non-standard

Language and speech according to Saussure

Human language and animal language

Natural language vs. artificial language

Speaking and writing

Language families

The double articulation of language, morphemes and phonemes, the notion of minimal pair

Sign and referent

Paradigmatic and syntagmatic approaches

Indices, signals, symbols, icons and signs

Semantic relationships: hyponymy, hypernymy, synonymy and opposite

Semic analysis

Distributional analysis

Immediate constituent analysis

A brief overview of the purposes of sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology: Practices, representations, language ideologies, critical approaches

The naturalist approaches: neurolinguistics, linguistic genetics, cognitive linguistics

Writing in and understanding the IPA for French

Morpheme analysis in an unknown language via substitution

Development of meta-linguistic skills and use of a meta-language different to the school grammar meta-language.